Research Thoughts on…
Lady Mary Shepherd – Volume 1
Liba Kaucky
Series: Research Thoughts on…
Lady Mary Shepherd - Volume 1
Sole author: Liba Kaucky
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© Liba (Libuse) Kaucky 2015-2018 (Copyright acquired automatically under UK law.)
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The Right of Attribution (eg the right of an author to be credited)
The Right to Object to Derogatory Treatment (eg affecting the author’s reputation)
The Right of Integrity (eg prejudicial distortions of the work)
The Right to Object to False Attribution
First published 2018 by Liba (Libuse) Kaucky as a blog ebook on blogger.com at The Lady Mary Shepherd Philosophy Salon, available at:
Liba Kaucky ResearcherID: P-2484-2016
Editor: Liba Kaucky
Cover photo: Copyright ©
Liba (Libuse) Kaucky (photographer) 2009
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Current titles in this series:
Research Thoughts on… Spinoza - Volume 1
Forthcoming titles:
Research Thoughts on… Spinoza - Volume 2
Research Thoughts on… Lady Mary Shepherd - Volume 2
I would like to
dedicate this book to my mother, Jana, without whose endless love, continual
encouragement and support this book would not have been possible. I want to take
this opportunity to thank her for always being there for me throughout life’s
ups and downs and for always having total belief in me and giving me the
confidence to follow my dreams. I love you!
CHAPTER 2: ANALYTIC AND SCIENTIFIC FEATURES IN SHEPHERD’S PHILOSOPHY
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-2-analytic.html
Contents
EDITOR’S NOTE
AUTHOR’S NOTE
PREFACE
PART 1: SHEPHERD: THE FIRST ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHER IN THE
HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY?
INTRODUCTION
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-part-1-introduction.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-part-1-introduction.html
CHAPTER 1: WHO WAS LADY MARY SHEPHERD?
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-1-who-was.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-1-who-was.html
CHAPTER 2: ANALYTIC AND SCIENTIFIC FEATURES IN SHEPHERD’S PHILOSOPHY
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-2-analytic.html
CHAPTER 3: UNDERSTANDING THE ANALYTIC APPROACH TO CIRCULARITY
AND BEGGING THE QUESTION
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-3.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-3.html
CHAPTER 4: SHEPHERD
ARGUING AGAINST CIRCULARITY IN HER TREATISES
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-4-arguing.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-4-arguing.html
PART 2: SHEPHERD’S CLAIM THAT HUME’S ARGUMENT AGAINST
MIRACLES IS FLAWED
INTRODUCTION
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-part-2-introduction.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-part-2-introduction.html
CHAPTER 5: WHAT IS SHEPHERD ARGUING AGAINST? UNPACKING HUME’S
ARGUMENT AGAINST MIRACLES
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-5.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-5.html
CHAPTER 6: SHEPHERD’S COUNTERARGUMENTS
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-6.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-6.html
CHAPTER 7: GIVEN SHEPHERD’S OBJECTIONS, DO HUME’S VIEWS ON
MIRACLES NEED ADJUSTING TO BE PLAUSIBLE IN THEIR ERA?
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-7.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-7.html
CHAPTER 8: GIVEN SHEPHERD’S OBJECTIONS, DO HUME’S VIEWS ON MIRACLES
NEED ADJUSTING TO BE PLAUSIBLE TODAY?
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-8.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-8.html
PART 3: SHEPHERD ON THE AFTERLIFE
INTRODUCTION
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-part-3-introduction.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-part-3-introduction.html
CHAPTER 9: SHEPHERD’S RATIONALIST PHILOSOPHICAL FRAMEWORK
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-9.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-9.html
CHAPTER 10: AFTERLIFE ARGUMENTS AND ANALOGIES
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-10.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-10.html
CHAPTER 11: IMMORTALITY AND ETERNITY
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-11.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-11.html
CHAPTER 12: SHEPHERD’S PHILOSOPHY
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-12.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-chapter-12.html
CONCLUDING REMARKS, APPENDIX, BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-concluding-remarks.html
http://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/2018/01/shepherd-vol-1-ebook-concluding-remarks.html
Editor’s Note:
The references for Hume are according to the standard scholarly system
for his works and in accordance with citation convention for the
Selby-Bigge-Nidditch editorial version of Hume’s 1777 edition. So, to clarify
the system for those who are unfamiliar with it so it remains accessible for
all readers, EHU stands for Hume’s Enquiries Concerning Human Understanding
(and Concerning the Principles of Morals), the first number refers to the
section, the second number refers to the paragraph in the third edition of
Selby-Bigge-Nidditch, SBN refers to the editors and the number after that
refers to the page number for their 3rd edition. For example, EHU
10.86; SBN 109 reads as Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, section/essay
10, paragraph 86, page 109 of the 3rd edition of the
Selby-Bigge-Nidditch edition of Hume’s work.
Author’s Note:
Preface
This blog ebook has been based on
academic conference papers I’ve written and presented as an independent scholar
for over 2 years as well as including my abstracts and thoughts published on my
Lady Mary Shepherd Salon blog which relate to my papers and abstract. I have
re-written my works with this ebook in mind. I’ve been reading, thinking about
and researching Lady Mary Shepherd since 2015 but I have taken a keen interest
in Early Modern Women Philosophers (broadly construed as 17th-19th
century) since the beginning of my University course which is why I
included Sophie de Grouchy and contemporary feminist philosophers in my final
year dissertation on Hume.
I’d firstly like to thank
Professor Susan James to whom I am deeply indebted for her inspiring lectures
and talks in Early Modern History of Philosophy and for being such an excellent
role model all of which has given me the impetus to go on to do research (as an
independent scholar) in philosophy post-graduation including on women
philosophers and feminist philosophy. Unfortunately, women philosophers and
feminist philosophy was not included on my BA degree course. I am also indebted
greatly to my mother, an amazing educationalist and teacher, who sat me down in
front of non-verbal reasoning workbooks as a fun activity at an incredibly
early age and then let me get on with it however I wanted! I still enjoy non-verbal reasoning to this
day. It has helped me appreciate and enjoy doing Logic in Philosophy at
University. In this respect, I also want to thank Professor Oystein Linnebo and
Dr Simon Hewitt (a PhD student/tutor during my BA) both of whom encouraged and
challenged me to stretch myself to understand complex logic, including Higher
Order Logic, especially within the realm of Metaphysics, during my BA course.
I’d like to thank the anonymous
reviewers for the conference ‘Early Modern Women on Metaphysics, Religion and
Science’ (which took place 21/03/16 at the University of Groningen) who provided useful, positive feedback in 2015 on my
abstract ‘Lady Mary Shepherd on Religion and Metaphysics’. They thought it was an excellent topic but
were unsure how the logic in Shepherd worked so I have addressed this issue in
Part 1 and hope I have written it such that it is accessible to all and lucid.
I would like to thank Dr Dan
O’Brien for giving me the opportunity to present my paper on Hume and Miracles
in which I used Shepherd’s critical essay on Hume’s views on miracles to
analyse his arguments. I’d also like to thank all those who attended and
presented at O’Brien’s workshop: ‘Hume on Miracles’ Nov. 26th 2016
at Oxford Brookes University, UK for their thoughtful questions at Q&A
after my presentation. Dr Brian Pitts’s (Cambridge) comments after my talk was
instrumental in my researching the historical and philosophical context of
Shepherd and her contemporaries because he was interested whether those around
Shepherd thought similarly. I have responded here in chapter 1, my discussions
of Whately and Babbage, and in my blogging on Lady Mary Shepherd. Thanks also
to Dr Dan O’Brien who further discussed the draft of this paper with me over
the conference dinner after this workshop.
I am deeply grateful to the British
Society for the History of Philosophy (BSHP) for giving me the honour of
presenting my paper on Lady Mary Shepherd on the Afterlife at their annual
Conference which last year was held at Sheffield University (6-8th
April 2017). Thanks to the organizers Dr. Mogens Laerke and Dr. Jeremy Dunham for
making the conference so enjoyable and for giving me the opportunity to chair a
session. That was fun! Thanks also go to all those who came to my presentation
for their constructive comments at Q&A which I develop here in the
Appendix.
December 31st 2017, marked the 240th anniversary of the
birth of Lady Mary Shepherd, so I wanted to publish this book to mark her 240th
anniversary. And hope that Lady Mary Shepherd is accepted into the canon of
philosophical works where she deserves to be.
2018 is an auspicious year for women in the UK so this
publication on the first Scottish female philosopher is timed to commemorate
the centenary of the Representation of the People Act 1918 (meaning it was the
first time some women could vote) and the (Qualification of Women) Act 1918
(the first time women could be MPs) and by the end of that year, women could
both stand to be elected as well as vote for the first time. It is also the 60th
anniversary of the Life Peerages Act 1958, meaning women could sit in the House
of Lords.
In May 2017, I set up a
philosophy circle about Lady Mary Shepherd which, I believe, is the first
circle or society in the world which is dedicated to her.
(available at: https://theladymaryshepherdphilosophysalon.blogspot.co.uk/).
I named it ‘The Lady Mary
Shepherd Philosophy Salon’ after the intellectual salons she hosted. The ethos
of the circle follows on from the egalitarian, inclusive, open to all,
discursive, friendly social space that salons attempted to achieve. On its
website, I blog about Shepherd, her circle of friends, things that catch my
eye, such as finding a photo of the castle she was born in which is in my
google plus collection on her and other thoughts that occur to me as I research
her.
(‘Lady Mary Shepherd Information’
available at: https://plus.google.com/collection/8K7FWE)
Structure of this
ebook
Logic runs throughout this book
because I noticed that Shepherd draws on logic and rules of reasoning
throughout her works, more than meets the eye. My aim in this series on
Shepherd is to show that she has a complete, overall philosophical system of
thought and so can be appreciated as a philosopher in her own right. Nevertheless,
I shall demonstrate how Shepherd is a valuable commentator on other major
philosophers. In part 2 of this volume, I show how Shepherd takes Hume to task
over his argument on miracles. I also wish to tease out the more unusual
aspects of her, for example, her thoughts on the afterlife and her inclusion of
foetal consciousness, both in this volume and throughout the series.
In part 1, I attempt to give a
flavour of her background and the intellectual environment her ideas developed
in. My overall aim in this part is to bring out the logical underpinning and
analytical structure of her philosophical argumentation and system of thought. In
part 2, I narrow my focus to show how she unpicks Hume’s stance on miracles to
expose logical flaws in his argumentation. In part 3, I narrow my focus
somewhat differently, this time to show how Shepherd goes about arguing for her
own particular philosophical stance, in this instance, on continuous existence,
eternity, immortality and the afterlife. It also shows, I think, what an
exciting philosopher she is to research.
The appendix provides additional
material coming out of the Q&A at Sheffield University BSHP Conference
which especially furthers the scientific aspect (considered part of
the Logic of Science and quasi-scientific methodology in analytic philosophy)
in Shepherd and the topics in part 3.
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